====== ArchLinux ======
====== Установка ======
===== Из bootstrap =====
cd /media/DATA/Downloads
wget http://mirrors.nix.org.ua/linux/archlinux/iso/2015.09.01/archlinux-bootstrap-2015.09.01-x86_64.tar.gz
gparted - создаём корневой раздел
user@desktop ~ $ sudo mkdir /mnt/tmp
user@desktop ~ $ sudo mount /dev/sda8 /mnt/tmp
user@desktop /mnt/tmp $ cd /mnt/tmp
user@desktop /mnt/tmp $ sudo tar -xvf /media/DATA/Downloads/archlinux-bootstrap-2015.09.01-x86_64.tar.gz
user@desktop /mnt/tmp $ sudo mv <бубубу>/* ./
user@desktop /mnt/tmp $ cd
user@desktop ~ $ sudo mount -o bind /dev /mnt/tmp/dev
user@desktop ~ $ sudo mount -t proc none /mnt/tmp/proc
user@desktop ~ $ sudo mount -o bind /sys /mnt/tmp/sys
user@desktop ~ $ sudo chroot /mnt/tmp
root@localhost / # mv /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.bak
root@localhost / # echo 'http://mirrors.nix.org.ua/linux/archlinux/iso/2015.09.01/' > /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist <бубубу>
root@localhost / # echo 'nameserver <адрес DNS провайдера>' > /etc/resolv.conf <бубубу>
root@localhost / # pacman -Sy
:: Synchronizing package databases...
core 168.3 KiB 990K/s 00:00 [######################] 100%
extra 2.3 MiB 2.78M/s 00:01 [######################] 100%
community 2.9 MiB 2.49M/s 00:01 [######################] 100%
root@localhost / # pacman -S linux systemd-sysvcompat
resolving dependencies...
looking for conflicting packages...
Packages (6) grep-2.21-2 linux-firmware-20150904.6ebf5d5-1 mkinitcpio-18-2
mkinitcpio-busybox-1.21.1-2 linux-4.2.3-1
systemd-sysvcompat-227-1
Total Download Size: 85.43 MiB
Total Installed Size: 177.56 MiB
:: Proceed with installation? [Y/n] y
:: Retrieving packages ...
linux-firmware-2015... 29.7 MiB 239K/s 02:07 [######################] 100%
mkinitcpio-busybox-... 144.6 KiB 142K/s 00:01 [######################] 100%
grep-2.21-2-i686 197.6 KiB 1183K/s 00:00 [######################] 100%
mkinitcpio-18-2-any 37.3 KiB 1164K/s 00:00 [######################] 100%
linux-4.2.3-1-i686 55.3 MiB 197K/s 04:47 [######################] 100%
systemd-sysvcompat-... 5.6 KiB 0.00B/s 00:00 [######################] 100%
(6/6) checking keys in keyring [######################] 100%
(6/6) checking package integrity [######################] 100%
(6/6) loading package files [######################] 100%
(6/6) checking for file conflicts [######################] 100%
(6/6) checking available disk space [######################] 100%
(1/6) installing linux-firmware [######################] 100%
(2/6) installing mkinitcpio-busybox [######################] 100%
(3/6) installing grep [######################] 100%
(4/6) installing mkinitcpio [######################] 100%
Optional dependencies for mkinitcpio
xz: Use lzma or xz compression for the initramfs image [installed]
bzip2: Use bzip2 compression for the initramfs image [installed]
lzop: Use lzo compression for the initramfs image
lz4: Use lz4 compression for the initramfs image [installed]
mkinitcpio-nfs-utils: Support for root filesystem on NFS
(5/6) installing linux [######################] 100%
>>> Updating module dependencies. Please wait ...
>>> Generating initial ramdisk, using mkinitcpio. Please wait...
==> Building image from preset: /etc/mkinitcpio.d/linux.preset: 'default'
-> -k /boot/vmlinuz-linux -c /etc/mkinitcpio.conf -g /boot/initramfs-linux.img
==> Starting build: 4.2.3-1-ARCH
-> Running build hook: [base]
-> Running build hook: [udev]
-> Running build hook: [autodetect]
-> Running build hook: [modconf]
-> Running build hook: [block]
-> Running build hook: [filesystems]
-> Running build hook: [keyboard]
-> Running build hook: [fsck]
==> Generating module dependencies
==> Creating gzip-compressed initcpio image: /boot/initramfs-linux.img
==> Image generation successful
==> Building image from preset: /etc/mkinitcpio.d/linux.preset: 'fallback'
-> -k /boot/vmlinuz-linux -c /etc/mkinitcpio.conf -g /boot/initramfs-linux-fallback.img -S autodetect
==> Starting build: 4.2.3-1-ARCH
-> Running build hook: [base]
-> Running build hook: [udev]
-> Running build hook: [modconf]
-> Running build hook: [block]
==> WARNING: Possibly missing firmware for module: aic94xx
==> WARNING: Possibly missing firmware for module: wd719x
-> Running build hook: [filesystems]
-> Running build hook: [keyboard]
-> Running build hook: [fsck]
==> Generating module dependencies
==> Creating gzip-compressed initcpio image: /boot/initramfs-linux-fallback.img
==> Image generation successful
Optional dependencies for linux
crda: to set the correct wireless channels of your country
(6/6) installing systemd-sysvcompat [######################] 100%
[root@lubuntu /]# pacman -S grub
resolving dependencies...
looking for conflicting packages...
Packages (5) device-mapper-2.02.132-1 gettext-0.19.6-1 glib2-2.46.1-1
libunistring-0.9.6-1 grub-1:2.02.beta2-5
Total Download Size: 9.99 MiB
Total Installed Size: 49.03 MiB
:: Proceed with installation? [Y/n] y
:: Retrieving packages ...
glib2-2.46.1-1-i686 2.1 MiB 220K/s 00:10 [######################] 100%
libunistring-0.9.6-... 495.5 KiB 254K/s 00:02 [######################] 100%
gettext-0.19.6-1-i686 1945.9 KiB 245K/s 00:08 [######################] 100%
device-mapper-2.02.... 263.1 KiB 253K/s 00:01 [######################] 100%
grub-1:2.02.beta2-5... 5.2 MiB 214K/s 00:25 [######################] 100%
(5/5) checking keys in keyring [######################] 100%
(5/5) checking package integrity [######################] 100%
(5/5) loading package files [######################] 100%
(5/5) checking for file conflicts [######################] 100%
(5/5) checking available disk space [######################] 100%
(1/5) installing glib2 [######################] 100%
Optional dependencies for glib2
python2: for gdbus-codegen and gtester-report
libelf: gresource inspection tool
(2/5) installing libunistring [######################] 100%
(3/5) installing gettext [######################] 100%
Optional dependencies for gettext
git: for autopoint infrastructure updates
(4/5) installing device-mapper [######################] 100%
(5/5) installing grub [######################] 100%
Generating grub.cfg.example config file...
This may fail on some machines running a custom kernel.
done.
Optional dependencies for grub
freetype2: For grub-mkfont usage
fuse: For grub-mount usage
dosfstools: For grub-mkrescue FAT FS and EFI support
efibootmgr: For grub-install EFI support
libisoburn: Provides xorriso for generating grub rescue iso using
grub-mkrescue
os-prober: To detect other OSes when generating grub.cfg in BIOS systems
mtools: For grub-mkrescue FAT FS support
# pacman -S sed
resolving dependencies...
looking for conflicting packages...
Packages (1) sed-4.2.2-3
Total Download Size: 0.12 MiB
Total Installed Size: 0.76 MiB
:: Proceed with installation? [Y/n] y
:: Retrieving packages ...
sed-4.2.2-3-i686 121.5 KiB 40.4K/s 00:03 [######################] 100%
(1/1) checking keys in keyring [######################] 100%
(1/1) checking package integrity [######################] 100%
(1/1) loading package files [######################] 100%
(1/1) checking for file conflicts [######################] 100%
(1/1) checking available disk space [######################] 100%
(1/1) installing sed [######################] 100%
pacman -S net-tools
resolving dependencies...
looking for conflicting packages...
Packages (1) net-tools-1.60.20130531git-1
Total Download Size: 0.11 MiB
Total Installed Size: 0.45 MiB
:: Proceed with installation? [Y/n] y
:: Retrieving packages ...
net-tools-1.60.2013... 113.4 KiB 1181K/s 00:00 [######################] 100%
(1/1) checking keys in keyring [######################] 100%
(1/1) checking package integrity [######################] 100%
(1/1) loading package files [######################] 100%
(1/1) checking for file conflicts [######################] 100%
(1/1) checking available disk space [######################] 100%
(1/1) installing net-tools [######################] 100%
====== Настройка ======
[[systemd|systemd]]
===== Установка программ =====
==== Официальные ====
Программные пакеты из официального хранилища программ ArchLinux устанавливаются при помощи программы [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Pacman | pacman]]. В простейшем случае требуется такая последовательность действий:
Обновление списка программ, доступных для установки из хранилища:
pacman -Sy
Поиск нужной программы. Например, программы "geany":
pacman -Ss geany
Если программа присутствует в списке, её можно установить так:
pacman -S geany
==== AUR ====
[[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_User_Repository | AUR]] (Arch User Repository) -- это поддерживаемое сообществом хранилище программ для ArchLinux. Но в отличие от официального хранилища, в AUR содержатся только сценарии сборки программ (PKGBUILD'ы). Используя эти сценарии автоматической сборки, пользователь может установить соответствующий пакет из исходников.
Для установки пакетов из AUR, понадобится программа [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Yaourt | yaourt]]. Установить её можно так:
~ $ sudo pacman -S base-devel yajl
~ $ mkdir package-query
~ $ cd package-query
package-query $ wget -O PKGBUILD 'https://aur.archlinux.org/cgit/aur.git/plain/PKGBUILD?h=package-query'
package-query $ makepkg
package-query $ sudo pacman -U package-query-1.7-1-armv6h.pkg.tar.xz
package-query $ cd ..
~ $ mkdir yaourt
~ $ cd yaourt
yaourt $ wget -O PKGBUILD 'https://aur.archlinux.org/cgit/aur.git/plain/PKGBUILD?h=yaourt'
yaourt $ makepkg
yaourt $ sudo pacman -U yaourt-1.7-1-any.pkg.tar.xz
====== Ссылки ======
https://wiki.archlinux.org/