ArchLinux
Установка
Из bootstrap
cd /media/DATA/Downloads
wget http://mirrors.nix.org.ua/linux/archlinux/iso/2015.09.01/archlinux-bootstrap-2015.09.01-x86_64.tar.gz
gparted - создаём корневой раздел
USER
user@desktop ~ $ sudo mkdir /mnt/tmp
user@desktop ~ $ sudo mount /dev/sda8 /mnt/tmp
user@desktop /mnt/tmp $ cd /mnt/tmp
user@desktop /mnt/tmp $ sudo tar -xvf /media/DATA/Downloads/archlinux-bootstrap-2015.09.01-x86_64.tar.gz
user@desktop /mnt/tmp $ sudo mv <бубубу>/* ./
user@desktop /mnt/tmp $ cd
user@desktop ~ $ sudo mount -o bind /dev /mnt/tmp/dev
user@desktop ~ $ sudo mount -t proc none /mnt/tmp/proc
user@desktop ~ $ sudo mount -o bind /sys /mnt/tmp/sys
user@desktop ~ $ sudo chroot /mnt/tmp
ROOT
root@localhost / # mv /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.bak
root@localhost / # echo 'http://mirrors.nix.org.ua/linux/archlinux/iso/2015.09.01/' > /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist <бубубу>
root@localhost / # echo 'nameserver <адрес DNS провайдера>' > /etc/resolv.conf <бубубу>
root@localhost / # pacman -Sy
:: Synchronizing package databases...
core 168.3 KiB 990K/s 00:00 [######################] 100%
extra 2.3 MiB 2.78M/s 00:01 [######################] 100%
community 2.9 MiB 2.49M/s 00:01 [######################] 100%
root@localhost / # pacman -S linux systemd-sysvcompat
resolving dependencies...
looking for conflicting packages...
Packages (6) grep-2.21-2 linux-firmware-20150904.6ebf5d5-1 mkinitcpio-18-2
mkinitcpio-busybox-1.21.1-2 linux-4.2.3-1
systemd-sysvcompat-227-1
Total Download Size: 85.43 MiB
Total Installed Size: 177.56 MiB
:: Proceed with installation? [Y/n] y
:: Retrieving packages ...
linux-firmware-2015... 29.7 MiB 239K/s 02:07 [######################] 100%
mkinitcpio-busybox-... 144.6 KiB 142K/s 00:01 [######################] 100%
grep-2.21-2-i686 197.6 KiB 1183K/s 00:00 [######################] 100%
mkinitcpio-18-2-any 37.3 KiB 1164K/s 00:00 [######################] 100%
linux-4.2.3-1-i686 55.3 MiB 197K/s 04:47 [######################] 100%
systemd-sysvcompat-... 5.6 KiB 0.00B/s 00:00 [######################] 100%
(6/6) checking keys in keyring [######################] 100%
(6/6) checking package integrity [######################] 100%
(6/6) loading package files [######################] 100%
(6/6) checking for file conflicts [######################] 100%
(6/6) checking available disk space [######################] 100%
(1/6) installing linux-firmware [######################] 100%
(2/6) installing mkinitcpio-busybox [######################] 100%
(3/6) installing grep [######################] 100%
(4/6) installing mkinitcpio [######################] 100%
Optional dependencies for mkinitcpio
xz: Use lzma or xz compression for the initramfs image [installed]
bzip2: Use bzip2 compression for the initramfs image [installed]
lzop: Use lzo compression for the initramfs image
lz4: Use lz4 compression for the initramfs image [installed]
mkinitcpio-nfs-utils: Support for root filesystem on NFS
(5/6) installing linux [######################] 100%
>>> Updating module dependencies. Please wait ...
>>> Generating initial ramdisk, using mkinitcpio. Please wait...
==> Building image from preset: /etc/mkinitcpio.d/linux.preset: 'default'
-> -k /boot/vmlinuz-linux -c /etc/mkinitcpio.conf -g /boot/initramfs-linux.img
==> Starting build: 4.2.3-1-ARCH
-> Running build hook: [base]
-> Running build hook: [udev]
-> Running build hook: [autodetect]
-> Running build hook: [modconf]
-> Running build hook: [block]
-> Running build hook: [filesystems]
-> Running build hook: [keyboard]
-> Running build hook: [fsck]
==> Generating module dependencies
==> Creating gzip-compressed initcpio image: /boot/initramfs-linux.img
==> Image generation successful
==> Building image from preset: /etc/mkinitcpio.d/linux.preset: 'fallback'
-> -k /boot/vmlinuz-linux -c /etc/mkinitcpio.conf -g /boot/initramfs-linux-fallback.img -S autodetect
==> Starting build: 4.2.3-1-ARCH
-> Running build hook: [base]
-> Running build hook: [udev]
-> Running build hook: [modconf]
-> Running build hook: [block]
==> WARNING: Possibly missing firmware for module: aic94xx
==> WARNING: Possibly missing firmware for module: wd719x
-> Running build hook: [filesystems]
-> Running build hook: [keyboard]
-> Running build hook: [fsck]
==> Generating module dependencies
==> Creating gzip-compressed initcpio image: /boot/initramfs-linux-fallback.img
==> Image generation successful
Optional dependencies for linux
crda: to set the correct wireless channels of your country
(6/6) installing systemd-sysvcompat [######################] 100%
[root@lubuntu /]# pacman -S grub
resolving dependencies...
looking for conflicting packages...
Packages (5) device-mapper-2.02.132-1 gettext-0.19.6-1 glib2-2.46.1-1
libunistring-0.9.6-1 grub-1:2.02.beta2-5
Total Download Size: 9.99 MiB
Total Installed Size: 49.03 MiB
:: Proceed with installation? [Y/n] y
:: Retrieving packages ...
glib2-2.46.1-1-i686 2.1 MiB 220K/s 00:10 [######################] 100%
libunistring-0.9.6-... 495.5 KiB 254K/s 00:02 [######################] 100%
gettext-0.19.6-1-i686 1945.9 KiB 245K/s 00:08 [######################] 100%
device-mapper-2.02.... 263.1 KiB 253K/s 00:01 [######################] 100%
grub-1:2.02.beta2-5... 5.2 MiB 214K/s 00:25 [######################] 100%
(5/5) checking keys in keyring [######################] 100%
(5/5) checking package integrity [######################] 100%
(5/5) loading package files [######################] 100%
(5/5) checking for file conflicts [######################] 100%
(5/5) checking available disk space [######################] 100%
(1/5) installing glib2 [######################] 100%
Optional dependencies for glib2
python2: for gdbus-codegen and gtester-report
libelf: gresource inspection tool
(2/5) installing libunistring [######################] 100%
(3/5) installing gettext [######################] 100%
Optional dependencies for gettext
git: for autopoint infrastructure updates
(4/5) installing device-mapper [######################] 100%
(5/5) installing grub [######################] 100%
Generating grub.cfg.example config file...
This may fail on some machines running a custom kernel.
done.
Optional dependencies for grub
freetype2: For grub-mkfont usage
fuse: For grub-mount usage
dosfstools: For grub-mkrescue FAT FS and EFI support
efibootmgr: For grub-install EFI support
libisoburn: Provides xorriso for generating grub rescue iso using
grub-mkrescue
os-prober: To detect other OSes when generating grub.cfg in BIOS systems
mtools: For grub-mkrescue FAT FS support
# pacman -S sed
resolving dependencies...
looking for conflicting packages...
Packages (1) sed-4.2.2-3
Total Download Size: 0.12 MiB
Total Installed Size: 0.76 MiB
:: Proceed with installation? [Y/n] y
:: Retrieving packages ...
sed-4.2.2-3-i686 121.5 KiB 40.4K/s 00:03 [######################] 100%
(1/1) checking keys in keyring [######################] 100%
(1/1) checking package integrity [######################] 100%
(1/1) loading package files [######################] 100%
(1/1) checking for file conflicts [######################] 100%
(1/1) checking available disk space [######################] 100%
(1/1) installing sed [######################] 100%
pacman -S net-tools
resolving dependencies...
looking for conflicting packages...
Packages (1) net-tools-1.60.20130531git-1
Total Download Size: 0.11 MiB
Total Installed Size: 0.45 MiB
:: Proceed with installation? [Y/n] y
:: Retrieving packages ...
net-tools-1.60.2013... 113.4 KiB 1181K/s 00:00 [######################] 100%
(1/1) checking keys in keyring [######################] 100%
(1/1) checking package integrity [######################] 100%
(1/1) loading package files [######################] 100%
(1/1) checking for file conflicts [######################] 100%
(1/1) checking available disk space [######################] 100%
(1/1) installing net-tools [######################] 100%
Настройка
Установка программ
Официальные
Программные пакеты из официального хранилища программ ArchLinux устанавливаются при помощи программы pacman. В простейшем случае требуется такая последовательность действий:
Обновление списка программ, доступных для установки из хранилища:
pacman -Sy
Поиск нужной программы. Например, программы “geany”:
pacman -Ss geany
Если программа присутствует в списке, её можно установить так:
pacman -S geany
AUR
AUR (Arch User Repository) – это поддерживаемое сообществом хранилище программ для ArchLinux. Но в отличие от официального хранилища, в AUR содержатся только сценарии сборки программ (PKGBUILD'ы). Используя эти сценарии автоматической сборки, пользователь может установить соответствующий пакет из исходников.
Для установки пакетов из AUR, понадобится программа yaourt. Установить её можно так:
Ссылки